Firearm



May 3, 41927.

C. A. NELSON FIREARM Filed June 12. 1920 2 sheets-smul Snowdon I 4 MMMa. ,4L/4 @5% @lf/toc e 5 a MM LNTIIIIF |l, w Q

30 the instant .of bring.

Patented May 3, 19217. f

UNITED .SGM?alsA cHiinLEs 1,626,867 PATENT .oi-Fica n. iirnrgsoir,orrriicii, NEW Yoan, AssIGNoR; 'ro SAVAGE ARMS CORPORA- TlroNfoF UTICA,NEW'oRK, yii c'oiiro'na'rioiioi" DELAWARE.

IIREARK.

Application led' Iuiie i2,

My invention relates ,to repeatin firearms', and particularly to those'inw'yich `a neciprocatingaction bar adjacent the barrel operates .thereloadingmechanism. vThe ,ob-

ject .of my inventioni's to improve the Safety devices ,whichpreventthe-ring ot'a ,car- `tridge until the is fiillylocked up or`tiring. To this end, I provide .an action barv 'lock having improved'actuating means, `an improved lock for the l.trigger mechanism, and4improved means Afor .controlling the lat- .ter lock, these several`,factors constituting features of my invention 'independently and Ain.comlcnationlas will later appear. The invention also comprehends ,thestructure land .relative Iarrangement of the' .various .pai-.ts andcombinations .and `sub-combnav tions )thereof looking` toward simplicityand compactnessof `the arm. v

In Athe ,accompanyingtvvo sheets Aof drawings whichfillustrate .thepreferred formof my invention, Fig. 1 is .an elevation of a part-of therepeating .firearm invvhich ,the invention is embodied. Fig. 2 is anelevation Aof the receiver rportion of the .arm broken a-Wiy to ,show.the interior; fthe parts are in the positions they assume when .thelgun is ready foiiriiig. yiFig. 3, similar ito l`1`igL-2 shows` thepants `iin their ypositions ,at Fig. 4 is ,an elevation of Athe `actionahar' and parts adjacent ,the hammer in position for .re-loading. 4F.ig;`5 ,is a plan view of the mechanism adjacent the hammer, the yhammerrbeing. 'in section and its spring mechanism omitted, and Fig. .6 is aldet-.til of lthe lock .mechanismat '.tlie ibeginnin'g of the'openingmovement .of `the gun, the action bar lock being broken ',aivay. Fig.isla perspective vievi7 vof vthe action -bar lock. Fig 48 shows :the.parts of Fig. 6 Iin a later position.. Figui) is a lbottom plan of the`hammer pivot Iassembly. Figs. l0, ll and 12 are perspectives Aof fthehammer, the g presser on ham-mer, and .the trigger lock respectively. yu

The repeating lirearm shown comprises the usual stock y1 and receiver.2, Aand :the usual trigger guard Aplate 3' .held in place A vby: thescrew 4 at the rear yof theguarduaiid u suitable shoulders at'itsritorvvar end, the barrel 5, magaziiietube 6, action .handle 'f7carried vby the magazine tube', `-and :its .action "bar 8L The gun isshown aso the `takedowntype lout this is iinijriirterial.

The oo- `tion bar' =8 extends rearwardly from hth'e acmao. serial No.385,458.

*210D -hanfllof/ and Within .tho mooi-vor .3 iS provided' Witlia laterallug 9 adapted to ride in a :slot k10 in the lireechfbolt 11; this slot10 comprises a horizontal Portion Koo.- ciipied ley the lug y9 in Fig.2) and a por# tion extending both upwardly rear@ vai'dly therefrom, .soarranged tliattlie lug 9 cofacting therewith Will operate the breeclifbolt in ,theme11 known manner, irst lover.- ma tho' roar ,ond ofthe bolt.to Withdraw the recoil shoulder 12 from its co-oy -erating notch in thereoovor f2 and tholoa ter slid.- ing the liolttothe rear, and viceversmieturning to @the position of Fig. 2. .The breech-bolt 11 carriesthe usual lcartridge extractors 15, one ,on each side, contains itheliving pin 16 ,and is provided with ainem- `her` 1'1" servingas an`action liar retainer and cartridge -cut-oli'. This retainer isdisclosed `and ,claimed in a cofpending application; its .purpose is toprevent tlie'witli drawal ,ofthe action bar .8 from the holt Kslot fortake-down except when the .trigger has -been pulled, and it alsocoiitrolslthe passage .oit .cartridges `from the magazine f3 `rto therreceiver ,for .transport vto the ,chairmen The action bar lock() whichpi-event sthe ltiring of a cartridge 'While the ,gunisfpartly ,open-ispivoted on the Vsame pivot .Qlgvvhieh carriesfthe hammer ,22.'illiislock isytor ,obstructing rearward .movemento [the .b ar .and alsoserves to unlocktli'e trigger for lining, as presently ex lained.'llhehammer (Fig. .10.)v is actuated loay hammer spring .23 carried by.the plunger 24, andsprovi'd'ed at its', hase .with the usualcooking'shoiilder..engagil1g .the forward `end .25 of .the ,trigger .26;it cocked Vby the breecliebolt .as the latter lretreats Aand .rides over.it for .this purpose. The .hammer pivot pin .211 is supported in vandbetween two upstanding ribs'orpliates 33and 34 on' trigger guard V35,plate Blf hef'ing `at the side ,of Vthe .guardandembraccd ,hy the parts27, BO andl 31 o'f lock 20, .so that its arm 27 `may beiiirthe ,plane of,theaction bar and its lug'` 81 in aplane adjacent `to ,the hammer .foroperation .thereby asnpresently described. rEhe rother Ltwo .upstandingplates 36 and arett-hetrigger,guard sides. filllie trigger guard.. alsocarries the .abutment for the" hammer spring 23 and the guide for itsplunger 124 asrslioivn in Figs'. 3 and 4, and

th'e forward end ofthe guard is supported'byr engagement with4approprialte lshoulders .on

tleeival'lsoffthe receiver .while Itang 38l (Fig.

5) supports the rear end of the guard being provided with a screw holefor the screw 4. The trigger lock is a simple flat plate 39 providedwith a hook l0 to engage a suitable part of the trigger mechanism, andis Journalled on the hammer pivot between the hammer and the actionbar-lock 2O and in the plane of the lateral lug 3l on the lock 20 sothat it maybe operated therebyfas later described. Trigger 26 isjournalled on pin in the walls 36, 33 and 37 of the trigger' guard andits plunger 61 carrying its spring 62 bears on the rear endof thetrigger to force itsforward end 25 upward intothe hammer notch when thehammer 22 is cocked (Fig. 2). It may be noted at this point that thisassembly is a simple compact one and that the action bar-lock 2O isfirmly emplaced both with respect to the action bar 8 which it controlsand with respectto the hammer 22 which governs its position, while theaction bar-lock, hammer', trigger mechanism lock andthetrigger-mechanism, are remov able as a unit from the receiver by therelease of the trigger guard.

The action barlock 20 is shown in perspective in Fig. 7. The action barlock I propose to operate by two springs, one for moving it toactionbar-obstructing or firing position, and the other, which is putunder tension by the tiring of the gun, for moving it in the otherdirection against the constant pressure of the first spring, although inso far as the lock cooperates with various other parts such particularoperating means are not altogether necessary as will be apparent later.In the gun shown, the first of these springs is marked 29, being iixedto an adjacent wall 37 of the trigger guard pressing .downwardly on therear end 28 of the lock (Figs. 3 and 5)v so as to raise the forward endtoward the path ofthe action bar 8. In the normal use of the gun, this`arm 27 bears against the lower edge of the action bar until the latterhas reached the limit of its forward movement when it snaps over the endand takes the position shown in Fig. 2 in which it obstructs rearwardmovement of the action bar,`that is to say, prevents opening of thebreecl The angle of the contacting surfaces of the bar and lock and thedirection of the thrust are arranged so that rearward pull on the actionhandle 7 tends to hold the lock in locking position. The lock isdisplaced from this position automatically as the result of iiring thegun, and it may also be displaced manually for which purpose its rearend 28 extending through the trigger guard is formed as a thumb piece.The automatic unlocking of the lockf20 is effected by the pressure ofthe other operatin spring 57, which IV term the presser spring and whichis made effective by the act of firing the gun or pulling the trigger.This spring rs located in a recess 52 in the hammer (Fig.

l0) and acts ona small lever or presser 50 which is pivoted on thehammer itself, at 54. The lower end of this lever is adapted to strikethe offset lug 3l on lock 2O whenever the hammer strikes the firing pinand thereby either moves (unlocks) the lock 2O or yields theretoaccording as to whether the end of the action bar is free from, orengaged with, the end of the lock. lIf the lock is unrestrained by theaction bar it is immediately unlocked by the act of firing, `and thebreech can then be opened, but if the shooter is pulling rearwardly onthe action handle at the moment of firing (the usual condition), the endthrust restrains movement of' the action lock and under that conditionthe lever 50 yields to the lock, but maintains a pressure on it in thedirection to unlock it by virtue of its spring 57. Either the tiringrecoil or a subsequent forward movement of the action handle by theshooter will serve to disengage the action bar from the lock, and permitthe presser 50 by virtue of its spring 57, which has greater tensionthan spring29, to turn the lock out of the path of the action bar. Thepresser 50 then holds the lock open while the action bar 25 is movedrearwardly to reload and recock the gun and does not release it untilthe ham mer ispartially back, see Fig. 6, and the action bar overliesthe arm 27, whereupon the said arm bears again on the underside of theaction bar ready to snap over'its end when the gun has been loaded andthe breech again fully closed (through Fig. 8 to Fig. 2). The slot andpin connection 55 and 56 between the hammer and lower end of presser 50,suitably limits the range of movement vof the presser under the actionabove described. Through the action of the two springs 29 and 57`therefore the action bar lock 20 is actuated to its locking positionimmediately the gun is ready for firing and maintained there until thegun is fired when it is actuated out of this position to allowreloading, and in coaction with the engagement of the bar with the lockabove the pivot 2l the unlocking of the bar is kde- .layed suflicientlyto permit firing of the cartridge even if the latter somewhat hangsfire. 'Ihe accidental opening of the gun in the midst of firing istherefore prevented. In so far as the hammer serves as the actuator forthe bar lock 20, it is apparent that other forms of firing means may beutilized for the same purpose.

The purpose of the trigger lock is .to preventthe pulling of the triggerbetween the `time the breech-bolt, in reloading, leaves the hammer incocked position (just prior to Fig. 8) and the time theaction'barreaches its extreme forward position and comes under the control of theaction bar lock (Fig. 2), and also duringsuch time as the action barlock maybe held inoperative bymeans i i if er deseas; it ams prevents anacciv 4action barflock 2O aenta fai of the `arruinar and ai@ firing ef acartridge before the breecl'rlbolt yreaches tiring 4position .and l l yv unloadedtafter manual operation of itv` cooper'ates"With't'tiegun`"'rts tHe 'trigger lockmay "assume various ormsanddlspositions "as willappear, but 'for simplicity 'and "compactness, I prefer the constructionand assembly shown. /Hook 4'() o'f the plate trigger'lo'ck isadaptedtoswing i'nto'jengaongfement v*with a jlateralpi'ojection at thefor# wai-a ena of the trigger 12e a) boia the naar in theVha'inme'rc'ockinj notch, to prevent pa-ning Lof thejtriggerfrigs. a ana e). as

ttnrnsnto its locking position (Fig. 2), lug '31 thereon engagesshoulder 451 on the trigger ioick 'andturns the iatter on its pivot21"tojwithdraw lthe hook from the tri" ger, 'and thus permit the tri'gf.Verto bepnled.

firin'gftlie turning o'f the action oar 'loc'k` to 'unlocked positionif) "as prev'onsl'ypointedout, with- 'dfraWs lug J31 'fon 'sliu'ldei 4,1and permits 'thel'trilgger flock' 45 (Fig) to'turn the'trigger lock acktoward the trigger. 'Spring '45 is disposed between projection 42 on thelock andjfancthersuitable abutment, for example, ithat .action bar lock2O s'hown. So `long as their'ainmer isfdov'vn'vagainst the breechblock-"thetrig'er end yis held fdep'ressed'iby thebase of the.' ammer inwhich position the -hook l140 4encounters :the

`orv'vlnd 'end of Lthe .trigger "'(Fig. ,y Where it remai'nfsfneiidy:tojliook'over tlietrigger end Whenthe hammer is "again cocked and Athethe een 4e (einer the tensiones springe-4a) hooks' Linder"theftiggfen'thee to remain "lease 'of "the 'action' bar 'lock '20likewise will n.CliIIIISI l i 1 i .1. Inv a firearm, v the`fcom`bination jwit'h .firing means, an "action`b`ar,-f"an action* fbarlock, and a spring urging theationbar lock toward locking position witha substantially constantly applied pressure, of a spring to move thesaid lock tounlocking position, said second mentioned spring beingmounted to move bodily with the actuation of the firing means and to betensioned against the action bar lock to kmove the latter against thetension of the first mentioned spring on the release of the firingmeans.

2. In a'irearm, the combination with firwhile the is being ting means,an action lock, and a spring urgingfthe action'loclrtoward lockingposition, said sprin being ,y tensioned between said lock and a xed partof the firearm, oi' a I"secondsprir'lgto move they said lock to1`1nlocking`y position, said second spring being mountedfon a movingpart of the firing vsr'neans to move with Vthe latter and to betensioned against the action look and be put 'mounted on one of saidmeans and engaging with ,the other of saidfmeans'to move said lockingmeans kto unlocking position, said second 'inentionedspring being pntunder increased tension 'and greater .tension than the rst mentionedsprlng as the hammer means descends.

,l 4. Ina rearm, the combination with a trfiggenreleased *firing member,an action bar, an laction 'bar lock, and a spring urging the action barlock 'towardlocking ,position` f a :presser Vand presser spring betweensaid trigger-released firing member i and said `action banlock 'to movesaid 'lock against the` i-rst mentioned spring, the .presser springlbeing put under increased 4tension by theiiring member as the :latterdescends.

5. Ina lfirearm, the combination with a sliding action bar, a hammer, anaction bar lock, and a spring urging the' action bar lock toward lockingposition, ofafpressermovably mounted on the hammer anda spring nrg ingsaid presser in one direction, sai-d presser "being so positioned Vthat,as lthe "hammery descends., Athe ,presser operati'fe'ly Yengagesiviththe action bar lock in a direction vto move `'the vpresser and theVaction bar `lock against their respective springs-` 4 6.7In a `irearm,sliding action `bar,"a hammer, .an action 'bar ioc'l at one side of the'Iiaii'iiner, and a spring urging the action bar lock toward lockingposition, of a. presser pivoted on the Ahammer in a position to engageAthe action bar lock in opposition Atosaid spring, andaspring on vthe'hammer urgingfthe ,presser toward the action 'bar `lock, sai-d .presserspring .being of greater .tension than `s'aidactionbar lock spring.

.-7. vIn a firearm, thecombination vwith -vtiri jing means',anaction'banand .an action bar "lock, of a member movably mounted on thefiring means, and a .spring on said firing means engaging said memberwhereby said member is flexibly held in a position on the firing meansto engage With said action bar lock as the iring means descends, to movethe action bar lock to unlocking position.

8. In a irearm, the combination with the receiver, a hammer, triggermechanism, and

ino

"lil 0 ltrigger mechanism and a another part of which plate is engagedby the first mentioned mea-ns to move the plate to unlocking position. yi

9. In a firearm, the combination with the receiver, a hammer, triggermechanism therefor, a sliding action bar, and an action bar lock pivotedon a horizontal axis between the hammer and a side wall of the receiver,of a ytrigger mechanism lock and a spring urging said lock towardlocking position, said trigger mechanism lock comprising a plate pivotedat the sameside of the hammer as the action bark lock and on ahorizontal pivot adjacent the latter and between the hammer and a sidewall ot the receiver, a depending part of which plate locks the triggermechanism and another part ot which plate is engaged by said action barlock to move the plate against the tension of said spring, the parto-t'the trigger mechanism which engages said depending part of the plate,engaging said plate at one side of the hammer.

l0. In a lirearm, the combinationv of pivoted hammer, trigger'mechanism,an action slide kbar at one side of the lirearm, an action bar lock onthe hammer pivot and having a part in the path ot' a hammer `partwhereby theaction bar lock is moved from its locking position by thehammer descent, a trigger mechanism lock, and a spring urging saidtrigger locking mechanism toward locking position, the trigger mechanismlock comprising a plate pivoted on the hammer pivot between the hammerand said action bar lock part, and provided with a depending part tolock the trigger mechanism and with a part engageable by said action barlock part to move the trigger mechanism lock to unlocking position.

1l. In a repeating lirearm, the combination with its working mechanismincluding a pivoted hammer and the trigger mechanism, of a lock for thetrigger mechanism comprising a plate independent of the other workingmechanism oi' the arm and having a triggermechanism-engaging notch, saidplate being held by the hammer pivot and lying in substantially a singleplane and spring means for moving the lock in one direction, the ylockbeing automatically moved in the opposite direction by the workingmechanism of the gun. v

l2. In a firearm, the combination with a pivoted hammer, triggermechanism, and an action bar lock on the hamm-erpivot, of a lock for thetrigger mechanism comprising a l'lat plate swingingv on the hammer pivotbetween the hammer and the action bar lock.

I3. In a firearm, the combination with the receiverand a pivoted hammerAand trigger mechanism therein, of a lock for the trigger mechanismcomprising a swinging plate independent of the other Working mechanismof the arm and having a rtrigger-mecl1anism engaging notch, said platebeing located between the hammer and a side wall oi' thereceiver andlying entirely vat onev side oi the hammer, a spring for the lock movingthe lock in one direction and means for automatically moving the lock inthe other direction as the gun mechanism is operated.

14. In a firearm, the combination with the working mechanism .includinga` pivoted hammer and thetrigger mechanism, of a lock for the triggermechanism comprising a swinging plate hung on the hammer pivot, a springfor pressing the lock into locking position, and means through which theworking mechanism of the gun swings the loclr out oi locking positionwhen they lire arm is ready for tiring, thek trigger mechanism beingsuliiciently wide to engage said swinging plate at one side of thehammer.

l5. In a firearm, the combination of a pivi oted hammer, triggermechanism including a trigger and a member operating therewith to engagethe hammer near its pivot to hold the hammer in position ready forltiring, an t action slide bar, an action .bar lock, atrigger mechanismlock comprising a plate pivoted on the hammer pivot and having a notchto receive said hammer-engaging member to loo lock the same inhammer-engaging position, y

and a spring urging said plate toward locking position, said memberbeing sufliciently e wide adjacent the hammer pivot to enter Lsaid notchat the side of the hammer and `said action bar lock acting to withdrawthe said plate from locking position by means of a lateral extensionreaching from saidy plate to the action bar lock. p

In testimony whereof, I have signed this specilication.

(mantas` A. NnLsoN.

llO

